Research Paper Advance Articles

Figure 3. Accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and beneficial effects of Gly-Low treatment in bGH-Tg mice. As shown in the experimental regime, 3-month-old WT, bGH-Tg, and bGH-Tg mice treated with Gly-Low were maintained on their respective diets for 6 months, after which animals underwent metabolic and functional assessments followed by terminal tissue collection. (A) Mass spectrometry–based quantification of serum AGEs revealed significantly elevated CML and MGH-1 in bGH-Tg mice compared to WT, with both reduced by Gly-Low treatment, while CEL levels remained unchanged. (B–F) Healthspan and metabolic parameters were assessed: Gly-Low–treated bGH-Tg mice exhibited lower body weight gain (B), reduced fat mass percentage (C), improved fasting glucose levels (D), enhanced glucose tolerance (E), and improved insulin sensitivity (F). (G, H) Functional testing demonstrated that Gly-Low improved grip strength and rotarod performance relative to untreated bGH-Tg mice. (I, J) Molecular analysis showed reduced circulating IGF1 and increased hepatic expression of Aldh1a1, a detoxification enzyme, in Gly-Low–treated bGH-Tg mice. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, and statistical significance is indicated by ^*p ≤ 0.05, ^**p ≤ 0.01, ^***p ≤ 0.001, and ^****p ≤ 0.0001.